Plants and pollution of environment. Zagrjazniteli atmospheres

you are: Plants and pollution of environment

In areas with the developed mining industry, where

Melt metal from the ore containing sulphur, the huge areas lasting on many kilometres alee from pipes of melting factories, are often absolutely deprived vegetation because of dioxide of sulphur thrown out in air. Live organisms are extraordinary sensitive both to SO2, and to the strong acids formed at its connection with a moisture containing in atmosphere; sulfuric acid is thus formed at first sulphurous, and then. even in sublethal concentration SO2 harms to plants, causing hloroz and detaining growth. Results of influence S02 are shown not only at the plants growing near to melting factories, but also in areas and even the countries which are far from them. S02 it is carried on the big distances, dropping out finally on the earth in a kind ' sour ' a rain with rn 3,5 or more low. The sour rains resulting ejection in atmosphere of gaseous industrial wastes somewhere away from a place of their loss, sometimes on distance of many hundreds and even thousand kilometres, drop out now over all northwest territories of the USA, over England and Scandinavian peninsula. Such sour rain harms to vegetation and suppresses its growth, washing away from soil nutrients then plants, mainly wood trees, grow less powerful; some plants sensitive to acids can disappear absolutely thus. Other toxic component for the plants, thrown out in atmosphere at combustion of fossil fuel, is a fluoride: (F-).

Some zagrjazniteli air, having strong influence on plants, like ozone (03) and peroksiatsetilnitratu (SIR), represent usual components ' a smog ', intensive ultra-violet radiation formed as a result of interaction and exhaust gases. The connections directly harming to plants, are unstable peroxides (reaction products between formed under. Action of an ultraviolet by ozone and nonsaturated hydrocarbons) and the SIR (formed as a result of reaction of nonsaturated hydrocarbons with nitric acid, dioxide of nitrogen and atmospheric oxygen also under the influence of an ultraviolet). The maintenance in air of these zagrjaznitelej is especially great in areas with very strong automobile movement, such, as area of Los Angeles in California. As a result many our habitual plants cannot exist more in cities and in their vicinities. Many trees landed along streets, and ornamental plants in front gardens appear the first victims. As symptoms of harmful influence serve bronze colouring of leaves, and also hlorotichnye stains and nekrozy. Some anomalies which considered before as displays of infectious diseases of plants, actually have appeared an air pollution consequence. Some trees, for example the London plane trees, are steadier against air pollutions, than others and consequently them mainly land in cities. Pollution ruin also agricultural and fruit crops in vicinities of cities, especially if the given area as in case of area of Los Angeles or Mexico City-city, it is surrounded by the mountains interfering dispersion of pollution by air currents. Before vicinities of Los Angeles rolled in orange groves, however air pollution is so toxic for orange trees that it will soon ruin those groves which do not scorch yet a victim of sections of the ground areas.

Other close problem which has arisen in industrial regions, is the escalating allocation СО2, formed at burning of fossil fuel. Such allocation in a combination to cutting out of woods on extensive spaces that interferes with normal removal from air of considerable quantities СО2 in the course of photosynthesis, has caused increase of maintenance СО2 in atmosphere. Whether it ' will lead to a hotbed effect what would entail behind itself rise in temperature on globe, shifts of climatic belts and expansion of the zones occupied with desert? Or the increase in maintenance СО2 and rise in temperature will be compensated by more magnificent growth of vegetation what will lead to fall of level СО2 and finally - to temperature stabilisation? To answer these questions we cannot yet though various reasons express many.