Except the water absorbed from soil, and the organic substances formed in the course of photosynthesis, the set of mineral substances is necessary for a green plant. In a cage these substances carry out variety of structural functions, and also are involved in action of the specific enzymes regulating prominent aspects of a metabolism of a cage. All mineral elements, except for one, nitrogen, occur finally from parent breed of which the soil is formed. Nitrogen arrives from atmosphere mainly thanks to process azotfiksatsii.

Mineral substances are absorbed from soil together with water and transported in an ascending direction mainly on ksileme. The parity of separate chemical elements in ksilemnom juice and in soil considerably differs. It follows from this that absorption of mineral substances by root cages - process selective. Besides, mineral substances usually collect in those cages where in them there is a requirement. Such selectivity is regulated as the membranes possessing various permeability surrounding a protolayer, vakuol and cellular organelly, and the ionic pumps localised in them operating at the expense of metabolic energy.

For satisfaction of requirement of a green plant in corresponding quantity of the mineral substances necessary for growth, some conditions should be observed. First, minerals should contain in soil in the form accessible to their absorption by cages of a root. usually it means that they should be in a soil solution, but they can sometimes be liberated from soil particles thanks to dissolving activity of roots. Secondly, the soil should be aerated well that in root cages could occur oxidising fosforilirovanie as absorption of mineral substances demands continuous supply by energy at the expense of ATR. At last, in a plant the transport system on delivery of minerals to consuming cages should function effectively. Before to discuss each of these aspects of a mineral food, we will disassemble at first the nature and function of the separate nutrients necessary for a green plant.

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