Value of physiology for gardening. Storage of the cleaned crop

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As fruits and vegetables can be grown up only in a warm season, any ways of their storage are necessary for supply of the population by them within all year. In the past in houses there were cool cellars where throughout all winter were stored a potato, carrots and other vegetables. At storage of vegetables in such conditions there were big losses because of them usyhanija, and later - and germinations. Such fruits as apples, it was possible to store about two months, but by the end of this period they were already almost inedible. At modern methods of storage all it has changed. Now in June it is possible to buy the apples cleaned in September of previous year, and they do not differ almost from what were on sale in the last autumn. Vegetables which could not be stored long earlier, now it is possible to buy all year long in the frozen kind.

For successful storage of the frozen vegetables, such as green peas, it is important to freeze as soon as possible them at once after cleaning. Peas immerse for short time in hot water that quickly inaktivirovat gidroliticheskie enzymes, and immediately freeze. If then temperature to support approximately at level of temperature of freezing such product will be stored in the closed packages beyond all bounds long.

However in most cases at freezing of fruits of their fabric collapse, and consequently such way of storage is often unacceptable. Instead apples, for example, can be stored at cooling approximately to 4 °s in the controllable atmosphere supporting breath on a minimum level and preventing drying of fruits. Thus in environment usually contains a little О2 (5%) that reduces intensity of breath; however concentration О2 should not be so low to cause anaerobnoe breath as it would lead to the big losses of dry weight. In atmosphere level of nitrogen accordingly raises and additional quantity СО2 which counteracts influence etilena in case of its formation by fruits is entered. In the similar way apples can be stored months. However at storage in them there are certain changes, and though such apples look fresh and are good on taste, they can be stored in usual conditions only within several days as they quickly become soft and start to decay.

The Onions, a potato and root crops too store at the lowered temperature. For a potato this temperature should not be too low as at the temperatures some exceeding temperatures of freezing, starch fermentativno turns to sugar and as a result the potato gets unusually sweet taste. if it occurs, the potato period of storage decreases. For suppression of germination and the softening connected with it and usyhanija bulbs, tubers or root crops processing of plants ingibitorom growth, such, as gidrazid maleinovoj acids, some weeks prior to cleaning practises.