Competing interactions with other members of vegetative community. Biological methods of struggle against weeds

you are: Competing interactions with other members of vegetative community

The Thought on struggle against weeds by means of other organisms is not new; insects, for example, already and were applied earlier to destruction of those or other weeds on pastures and in other similar places. Such method, however, allows to supervise distribution of the given weed in some measure simply; about its full eradication, naturally, there can not be a speech as insects are fed on these plants and, means, on them depend. For this reason insects have appeared a little suitable for destruction of weeds in crops of cultural plants.

To herbicides there was the same, as with insektitsidami: the requirement for more selective and less toxic agents has drawn again attention to biological, to struggle methods. It has appeared, however, that the big prospects in this business are promised not by insects, and parasitic mushrooms. If, for example, it was possible to achieve enough strong porazhennosti this or that weed any illness it could provide full and fast eradication of the given weed in crops. An example of successful application of this method - struggle against weed Aeschynomene on rice fields in a southern part of the USA. This weed reduces a rice crop, and the impurity of its seeds does rice unsuitable for sale. to Struggle with Aeschynomene it is possible with the help 2,4,5, but it does not give full effect; besides, 2,4,5 it is capable to damage rice and crops of other cultures being nearby, not to mention its harmful collateral action which we have discussed above. It was possible to find zvysokospetsifichnuto race of mushroom Colletotrichum gleosporioides, infecting Aeschynomene, but not capable to infect other plants. Disputes of this mushroom receive now in the industrial way (in fermenterah) at which their exit is measured by hundreds kgs. Spraying crops by suspension of these dispute (10 million/ml; 95.l/hectares), it is possible to achieve utter annihilation Aeschynomene. Encouraging results have been received also in experiences with application of mushroom Cercospora rodmanii for struggle against a water hyacinth; this plant very quickly extends and strongly litters waterways in tropics and subtropics. such method of struggle it will be possible, possibly, gradually to extend to the increasing and bolshee number of weeds if only we manage to find the corresponding specific races of parasitic mushrooms amazing these weeds, but harmless to cultural plants and the next wild vegetation.

Using for pest control, patogenami and weeds those methods which are prompted us by natural systems, we can, obviously, to provide high efficiency of agriculture on the basis of selective protection, without causing any harm to the person, other components of an ecosystem.